# Glossary

## A

**Account Abstraction (ERC-4337)**\
A standard that allows smart contracts to act as accounts, enabling features like gasless transactions and social recovery.

**Attestation**\
An on-chain credential that proves a fact about a user without revealing underlying personal data.

**Attester**\
An entity that issues attestations after verifying information.

## B

**Biometric Authentication**\
Using Face ID, Touch ID, or similar physical characteristics to authenticate.

**Bundler**\
A service that batches UserOperations and submits them to the blockchain.

## C

**Context Switching**\
Ability to switch between multiple account contexts (personal, entities) within CapSign.

**CREATE2**\
Ethereum opcode that enables deterministic contract address prediction.

## D

**Diamond Pattern (EIP-2535)**\
Smart contract design pattern that enables modular, upgradeable contracts.

## E

**EAS (Ethereum Attestation Service)**\
Protocol for creating and verifying on-chain attestations.

**EIP-1193**\
Standard Ethereum Provider JavaScript API used by wallets like MetaMask.

**EIP-191**\
Standard for signing data with Ethereum accounts (personal\_sign).

**EntryPoint**\
Smart contract that processes UserOperations in ERC-4337.

**EOA (Externally Owned Account)**\
Traditional Ethereum account controlled by a private key (e.g., MetaMask).

**ERC-4337**\
Account abstraction standard enabling smart contract wallets.

**ERC-7752**\
Lot-based token standard for capital markets compliance.

## F

**Facet**\
A module in the diamond pattern containing specific functionality.

## G

**Gasless Transaction**\
Transaction where gas fees are sponsored by a paymaster instead of user.

## K

**KYC (Know Your Customer)**\
Identity verification process required for regulatory compliance.

## P

**Passkey**\
WebAuthn credential providing password-free authentication.

**Paymaster**\
Contract that sponsors gas fees for UserOperations.

**P256**\
Elliptic curve used by WebAuthn/passkeys.

## S

**Schema**\
Structure definition for an attestation type.

**Secure Enclave**\
Hardware-isolated area in devices that protects cryptographic keys.

**Smart Account**\
ERC-4337 compliant smart contract wallet.

**SPV (Special Purpose Vehicle)**\
Legal entity created for specific investment or business purpose.

## U

**UserOperation**\
ERC-4337 transaction format processed by bundlers.

## W

**WebAuthn**\
Web standard for password-free authentication using passkeys.

***

**Return to:** [Reference](https://github.com/capsign/docs/blob/main/reference/README.md) | [Documentation Home](/capsign/getting-started/readme.md)


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